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    Hubungan Polimorfisme Genetik CYP2A6 dan CYP2A13 dengan Metabolisme Nicotine pada Pasien Kanker Paru di Kalangan Perokok Suku Batak

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    Date
    2018
    Author
    Soeroso, Noni Novisari
    Advisor(s)
    Zain-Hamid, Rozaimah
    Sinaga, Bintang Yinke Magdalena
    Sadewa, Ahmad Hamim
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    Abstract
    Background: Nicotine is main psychoactive ingredient in tobacco which caused the addiction, among smokers. In humans, the majority of nicotine is metabolized to cotinine (COT), and forth is metabolized to trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (3HC) by CYP2A6. The ratio of 3HC to COT (also known as the nicotine metabolite ratio, NMR) is an in vivo endophenotype of CYP2A6 activity. Three members of the CYP2A subfamily, CYP2A6, CYP2A7, and CYP2A13, have been identified in humans. CYP2A6*1A is the wildtype of the CYP2A6 gene, which is associated with normal or extensive nicotine metabolism. CYP2A6 genotype significantly alters nicotine clearance, and has been associated with altered tobacco consumption and the risk of tobacco-related lung cancer. Activated of CYP2A13 might one of the risk factor induced variety of cancer. The aim of study: To analyze association of CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 gene polymorphism in Bataknese smokers lung cancer patients with nicotine metabolism. Method: Matched case-control study was applied, and 140 subjects consisting of 70 cases of lung cancer and 70 healthy smokers were involved, by using purposive sampling. Population of this study was lung cancer patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Elizabeth Hospital and Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan (North Sumatera). All samples were Bataknese male smokers or ex-smokers. Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was employed to genotype for the CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 gene polymorphism on DNA prepared from peripheral blood. This study also investigated nicotine metabolized ratio (NMR) which prepared from peripheral blood, in Prodia Laboratory by using Liquid Chromatography tandem-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique. Statistical analysis was performed by Mc Nemar Chi-Square analysis using Epi Info. Results: This study found genotype of CYP2A6 wildtype *1B (51,4%) and CYP2A13 wildtype C/C (72,9%) on Bataknese smokers lung cancer patients, related to slow metabolizer. There was no association between CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 gene polymorphism and lung cancer incidence (p>0.05). There was a significant difference in nicotine metabolism rate between CYP2A6 alleles (p<0.001), and there was a relationship between nicotine metabolism status with the lung cancer incidence (p = 0.01). Conclusion: There were significant association between CYP2A6 and CYP2A13 gene polymorphism in Bataknese lung cancer patients and nicotine metabolism, and association between nicotine metabolism and lung cancer.
     
    Latar belakang: Nicotine merupakan senyawa utama di dalam tembakau yang menimbulkan ketergantungan terhadap rokok. Pada manusia, nicotine dimetabolisme menjadi cotinine (COT), yang seterusnya akan dimetabolisme menjadi trans-3’-hydroxycotinine (3HC) oleh CYP2A6. Metabolisme nicotine dikenal dengan rasio 3HC/COT (nicotine metabolite ratio, NMR), yang merupakan aktivitas in vivo endophenotype CYP2A6. CYP2A6*1A merupakan wildtype gen CYP2A6, dengan aktivitas metabolisme yang normal atau extensive. Genotip CYP2A6 mempengaruhi klirens nicotine, konsumsi rokok dan tembakau, yang berhubungan dengan risiko kanker paru. Enzim CYP2A6, CYP2A7 dan CYP2A13 merupakan tiga anggota dari subfamili CYP2A yang paling banyak ditemukan pada manusia. Aktivitas CYP2A13 mungkin menjadi salah satu faktor yang meregulasi terjadinya berbagai kanker. Tujuan penelitian: Menganalisa hubungan polimorfisme gen CYP2A6 dan CYP2A13 pada pasien kanker paru suku Batak perokok dengan metabolisme nicotine. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus-kontrol berpasangan. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien kanker paru perokok/bekas perokok dan orang sehat, di RSUP Adam Malik, RS Elizabeth dan RS Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. Sampel sebanyak 140 subyek, yang terdiri dari 70 sampel kasus kanker paru (perokok) dan 70 orang sehat suku Batak, diperoleh dengan cara purposive sampling. Untuk pemeriksaan genotip CYP2A6 dan CYP2A13, dilakukan pemeriksaan DNA dari darah perifer, dengan menggunakan teknik pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Darah perifer juga digunakan untuk pemeriksaan metabolisme nicotine dengan menggunakan teknik Liquid Chromatography tandem-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Mc Nemar Chi-square (menggunakan Epi info). Hasil: Ditemukan genotip CYP2A6 wildtype *1B (51,4%) dan CYP2A13 wildtype C/C (72,9%) pada pasien kanker paru suku Batak perokok, dan berkaitan dengan kondisi slow metabolizer. Tidak ada hubungan polimorfisme gen CYP2A6 dan CYP2A13 dengan kejadian kanker paru (p > 0.05). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan laju metabolisme nicotine antar alel CYP2A6 (p < 0.001), dan adanya hubungan antara status metabolisme nicotine dengan kejadian kanker paru (p = 0.01). Kesimpulan: Adanya hubungan polimorfisme gen CYP2A6 dan CYP2A13 dengan laju metabolisme nicotine dan adanya hubungan metabolisme nicotine dengan kejadian kanker paru.

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    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV