Efektivitas Membran Komposit Selulosa Asetat dengan Penambahan Aditif Bentonit untuk Menurunkan Kadar TDS pada Air Gambut dengan Mengggunakan Reaktor Cross Flow

Abstract

One of the clean water alternatives which quantitatively has the potential to be managed in Indonesia is peat water. Based on the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, ± 50% of peatlands in Indonesia are located on the island of Kalimantan, 40% on the island of Sumatra and the rest are spread over Papua and other islands. Peat water treatment is carried out with membrane technology. Inorganic-polymer composite membrane was made by phase inversion technique using 15 wt.% cellulose acetate (CA) solution at different inorganic concentrations of bentonite (5%; 10%; 15%; 20% and 25%). This research is focused on the removal of TDS in peat water. The membrane characterization carried out included Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and tensile strength test. Membrane performance tests carried out include permeability tests and selectivity tests using a cross flow system. Furthermore, the data is processed and analyzed. Based on the results of the research conducted, it is known that the highest flux value was obtained by the composition of 25% cellulose acetatebentonite membrane of 80.1 L/m2.hour and the lowest flux value was obtained by the composition of 5% cellulose acetate-bentonite membrane, which was 10 L/m2.hour . The highest rejection value was obtained by 25% cellulose acetate-bentonite membrane at 91.3% and the lowest rejection value was obtained by 5% cellulose acetate-bentonite membrane, which was 31%. Therefore, it can be seen from the ability of the membrane to reject TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) levels that the best membrane in this study was the 25% cellulose acetate-bentonite variation.

Salah satu alternatif air bersih yang secara kuantitatif sangat potensial dikelola di Indonesia adalah air gambut. Berdasarkan Kementrian Sumber Energi Mineral bahwa lahan gambut di Indonesia tersebar ±50% terletak di pulau Kalimantan, 40% di pulau Sumatera serta sisanya tersebar di Papua serta pulau-pulau yang lain. Pengolahan air gambut yang dilakukan dengan teknologi membran. Membran komposit polimeranorganik dibuat dengan teknik inversi fasa menggunakan 15 wt.% selulosa asetat (CA) solusi pada konsentrasi anorganik berupa bentonit yang berbeda yaitu (5%; 10%; 15%; 20% dan 25%). Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penghilangan TDS pada air gambut. Karakterisasi membran yang dilakukan meliputi Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Uji kuat tarik. Uji kinerja membran yang dilakukan meliputi uji permeabilitas dan uji selektivitas dengan menggunakan sistem aliran cross flow. Selanjutnya data diolah dan dianalisa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa nilai fluks tertinggi didapatkan oleh komposisi membran selulosa asetat-bentonit 25% sebesar 80,1 L/m2.jam dan nilai fluks terendah didapatkan oleh komposisi membran selulosa asetatbentonit 5% yaitu 10 L/m2.jam. Nilai rejeksi paling tinggi didapat oleh membran selulosa asetat-bentonit 25% sebesar 91,3% dan nilai rejeksi paling rendah didapat oleh membran selulosa asetat-bentonit 5% yaitu 31%. Oleh sebab itu, dapat dilihat dari kemampuan membran dalam merejeksi kadar TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) bahwa membran yang terbaik dalam penelitian ini ialah variasi selulosa asetat-bentonit 25%.