Optimasi dan Evaluasi Formula Topikal Nanoemulsi Ketokonazol

Abstract

Administration of oral ketoconazole absorption is not optimal due to solubility problems and side effects can cause liver damage in the use of more than one month and in patients aged over 60 years. Topical preparations in the market today in the form of creams, on its use cause a rash, itching, irritation, pain and redness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the optimization of surfactant, cosurfactant and oil in nanoemulsion ketoconazole formulated with spontaneous emulsification methods, to determine the effect of surfactant material forming nanoemulsion particularly against penetration ability, the effect on topical administration and nanoemulsion antifungal activity of ketoconazole. Nanoemulsion consisting of ketoconazole, oils, surfactants and cosurfactants. Begins with the preparation of a preliminary test which include: solubility screening and determining the concentration of oils, surfactants and cosurfactants to obtain optimal results nanoemulsion. Penetration ability ketoconazole nanoemulsion in vitro Franz diffusion cell is done by using the abdominal skin membrane rabbit. Effect of ketoconazole nanoemulsion topically on the skin to do with the acute dermal irritation test using rabbits. The next test in the test nanoemulsion antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans compared with conventional creams available in the market.. The results show the optimization of surfactant, cosurfactant and oil to make preparations nanoemulsion ketoconazole stable with a spontaneous emulsification methods can be at a concentration of surfactant (tween 80) 36%, cosurfactant ( ethanol) 9% and oil (isopropyl myristate) 5%. The higher concentration of precursor nanoemulsions especially surfactant (tween 80) in the preparation of the penetration ability of the stocks higher, but if the concentration exceeds the critical micelle concentration it will form a matrix of surfactant (tween 80) tightly and causes the release of ketoconazole be slowed, the highest penetration of formula F10 is 4268.01 ug / cm. Topicals Nanoemulsion ketoconazole caused only very minor skin irritation. Activities antifungal ketoconazole all nanoemulsion formula better than conventional cream preparations in the market for particle size nanoemulsion able to penetrate the fungal cell wall. Formula F10 has the most excellent antifungal activity, with inhibition of 22.50 mm against Trichophyton mentagrophytes and 23.17 mm against Candida albicans.