| dc.description.abstract | Saliva is produced by the salivary glands plays an important role in
oral homeostasis. Saliva can clean and moisturize the oral mucosa. In addition to
cleaning teeth, saliva has a function to facilitate articulation and swallowing. Saliva
can solve the problem in terms of being a protector for oral bacteria. Salivary
secretion which consists of pH, flow rate, and volume of saliva is highly dependent
on the velocity, microorganisms of the oral cavity and its buffering capacity. A
decrease in salivary secretion will be seen in elderly humans (elderly) because with
age it causes aging factors and will reduce secretion in saliva. In addition, in young
adults there can also be a decrease in salivary secretion. Increased secretion of saliva
can be done by using an antiseptic mouthwash that contains alcohol. Indonesia is a
country rich in herbal plants. Psidium guajava L (guava leaf) is a plant that is spread
all over the world and its fruit is much liked by the public. Guava leaves are one of
the herbal plants that contain very high antioxidants.
Purpose: This study was conducted to produce a mouthwash of leaf extract (guava
leaf) (Psidium guajava L) to prove its effectiveness in terms of increasing pH, flow
rate and volume of saliva in the oral cavity.
Methods: This research was carried out in several stages, the initial stage was to
obtain guava leaf extract in accordance with the requirements of the Indonesian
Ministry of Health, namely by checking the water content, water soluble extract
content, ethanol soluble extract content, total ash content, insoluble ash content.
sour. Then phytochemical screening to see the content of alkaloids, flavonoids,
glycosides, saponins, tannins, triterpenes/steroids. Furthermore, the antioxidant
activity of guava leaf extract was tested using the DPPH (1,1 diphenyl-2-
picrylhydrazil) method. Preparation characteristic of mouthwash used a pH meter
and a viscometer, while the hedonic test was carried out by 20 panelists on color,
taste and aroma. Then a clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of 3.5% guava
leaf mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. The sample subject who will do
the treatment totaling 40 people. Each subject rinsed his mouth twice a day as much
as 15-20 ml in the morning after brushing his teeth and at night before going to bed
for 14 days. Measurements were made every 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day using a pH
meter. Previously, the calculation was carried out on day 1 as the base line.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Anova Repeated Measure test, unpaired
t test and paired t test.
Results: The results of the stability test of the preparation showed that the pH value
of the guava leaf extract mouthwash was 3.5% ranging from 6.3 to 6.4 with a
viscosity value of 5.6%. The hedonic test showed that 3.5% guava leaf mouthwash
was preferred by the panelists in terms of taste, color, and flavour. From clinical
trials it was proven that there was an increase in pH, flow rate and saliva volume in
the treatment group gargling with 3.5% guava leaf extract mouthwash and 0.2%
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chlorhexidine gluconate. The results of statistical analysis using Anova Repeated
Measure showed a significant difference between the treatment group gargling with
guava leaf extract mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate on pH, flow rate
and saliva volume in young adults and the elderly, namely Sig = 0.000 < 0.05. The
results of statistical analysis of paired t-test on measuring pH, flow rate and saliva
volume before and after gargling in young adults and the elderly showed Sig < 0.05.
3.5% guava leaf extract mouthwash and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate effective in
increasing pH, flow rate and saliva volume in young adults and the elderly, but the
excess of 3.5% guava leaf extract mouthwash does not contain alcohol so it is safe
to use. | en_US |
