Pengaruh Penambahan Propolis Nanopartikel 5% pada Sealer Berbasis Epoxy Resin dan Bioceramic terhadap Pertumbuhan E. Faecalis ATCC 29212 dan Penetrasi Sealer ke Tubulus Dentin: In Vitro

Abstract

The purpose of root canal filling is to form a perfect density sealer material along the root canal system so as to prevent bacterial infection and reinfection in the root canal system and periradicular tissue. Adhesion and penetration of sealers to dentinal tubules and root canal ramification are important factors for successful endodontic treatment. Endodontic sealers have an antibacterial role by eliminating bacteria in the infected dentinal tubules. Chemomechanical preparations and root canal medicament materials cannot completely eliminate all microbes in the root canal system. Therefore, to eliminate the remaining microorganisms, especially E. faecalis in root canals and dentinal tubules, it is important to use a sealer that has antibacterial properties. Previous studies reported that the sealer based on propolis nanoparticles enhances the antimicrobial effect and increases the penetration of the sealer into the dentinal tubules. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of propolis nanoparticles on the growth of E. faecalis ATCC 29212 bacteria and the penetration of the sealer into the dentinal tubules. Materials and methods: the materials used are [ropolis nanoparticles marketed by PT. Natural Nusantara POM number TR. 173 600 121. Preparation of a mixture of epoxy resin and bioceramic sealer mixed with 5% propolis nanoparticles was carried out with a ratio of 1:0.05 each. Stir manually until it becomes the consistency of an emulsion/homogeneous paste and the colors blend. A total of 35 tooth samples were subjected to root canal preparation. Preparation of E. faecalis bacterial media was carried out by dissolving 8 grams of Blood agar medium in 200 ml of distilled water. The teeth that had been prepared for in vitro modeling were then sterilized by autoclaving at 1210 C for 20 minutes under moist conditions. All root canals were inoculated with 100 l suspension of E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (OD 546 nm 0.5) for 48 hours under standard anaerobic conditions (80% N2, 10% CO2, and 10% H2). To avoid drying of the samples, all specimens were moistened with nutrient broth after 24 hours of incubation. The tooth sample section on the medial third of 9 mm was prepared according to the sample group to determine bacterial growth by grinding dentin debris and counting the number of colonies. The 5 mm apex of the tooth that had been cut from all samples was planted on a self-curing acrylic block that was molded using a 10 ml syringe to facilitate SEM collection. Results: Based on the Kruskal Wallis test of bacterial growth, statistically there was a significant difference in the number of bacterial colonies between groups (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Based on the results of the Kruskal-Wallis test on sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules, there was a significant difference in sealer penetration (p = 0.000 < 0.05).