Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Melinjo (Gnetum Gnemon) terhadap Ekspresi Gen XDH, ABCG2 dan Kadar Asam Urat pada Tikus Galur Wistar Model Hiperurisemia

Abstract

Ethanol extract of melinjo peel has been shown to reduce blood uric acid levels, but the mechanism for reducing uric acid levels is still unclear. This study aimed to analyze changes in the expression of Xanthine oxidase (XDH) genes in the liver and Adenosine triphosphate Binding Casette Transporter G2 (ABCG2) in the kidneys of hyperuricemic Wistar rats. This research is an experimental study using male wistar rats aged 8 weeks with a body weight 180-200 grams. The hyperuricemia model was 32 rats. The rats were divided into 4 groups consisting of 1 control group and 3 treatment groups, namely Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) treatment, Allopurinol and ethanol extract of melinjo peel. Modeling hyperuricemia with high doses of fructose. Examination of uric acid levels was carried out: before and after fructose induction, and before and after treatment. Examination of gene expression and XDH and ABCG2 levels was carried out after treatment with the qPCR method. The results showed that there was a significant decrease (p=0.001) uric acid levels after administration of melinjo peel ethanol extract with a difference of 2.92 decreases. XDH gene expression was 0.97 times lower and not significantly lower, while ABCG2 gene expression was 1.40 times significantly higher, respectively, than the control group after of administration of melinjo peel ethanol extract. There was an insignificant relationship (p=0.920) between low XDH levels and low uric acid levels, while ABCG2 levels were significantly and strongly negatively related to uric acid levels (p= 0.018; r=-0.597) after of extract treatment. ethanol extract of melinjo peel. This study proved that administration of melinjo peel ethanol extract showed a decrease in uric acid levels associated with ABCG2 gene expression after of treatment with melinjo peel ethanol extract.