Upaya Korea Selatan dalam Memperbaiki Hubungan dengan Korea Utara Melalui Kebijakan The Policy of Peace and Prosperity (Pemerintahan Roh Moo Hyun periode 2003-2008)

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the implementation of the Policy of Peace and Prosperity which is the official policy of South Korea against North Korea under Roh Moo-hyun (2003-2008). The purpose of this study is to analyze how the policy is applied, as well as what instruments are used in its application. The author uses qualitative analytical methods that are descriptive analytical in doing this research. In the authors' findings, the Policy of Peace and Prosperity is able to increase North Korea's active participation in the various instruments used, such as in economic cooperation through the Kaesong Industrial Complex and the Kumgang Mountain tourism project. In addition, the policy was also able to involve North Korea through a separate family reunion program. South Korea and North Korea are also jointly involved in Six Party Talks with the United States, Russia, China and Japan to discuss the Korean Peninsula issue. However, Roh Moo-hyun's policy has been subjected to external obstacles, especially from the United States, which, since being led by the George W. Bush administration, has made changes in its policies towards North Korea. The United States' increasingly violent attitude toward North Korea triggered the failure of the Agreed Framework Agreed 1994. The failure of Agreed Framework 1994 helped bring about a more aggressive North Korean attitude by withdrawing from the NPT and reviving its nuclear reactor in response to the United States. North Korea's more aggressive inclination then influenced the implementation of the Policy of Peace and Prosperity. Therefore, to find out how the application of the Policy of Peace and Prosperity applies to North Korea, the author uses foreign policy theory, diplomacy concepts, and foreign aid.