Determinasi Tingkat Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Melalui Studi Sebaran Data Titik Panas dan Bentuk Penggunaan Lahan dengan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan dan Labuhan Batu

Abstract

The application of satellite data to let know the expansion of land changes, caused of forest and land fire was the effective enough ways. The using of Landsat data to know the change of land cover might be caused the satellite had stretching time to get image in same location. Available data from Landsat's image are pictorial and digital's images, that gave some important information. We got information could be joined with data and the other maps in Geographical Information System's method. The aims of this study were to learn the related aspects that combine with image processing's activity, mapping and Geographical Information system's application to know the availability (pattern and quantity) of monthly hotspot. The pattern and kinds of landcover in Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan and Labuhan Batu in year 2001, 2002 and 2003 which become one of ignition forest and land fire. The research was done in the month of October until December 2004, that took the object were Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan and Labuhan Batu in year of 2001, 2002, and 2003. Data were analyzed in GIS (Geographical Information System)'s database Manajemen Leuser' Unit, Medan, North Sumatera. The merchandise in use were Map, monthly hotspot's data, northen digital map contained both of Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan and Labuhan Batu, landsat TM images, and then the tools were personal computer and Arc view 3.2's software. Analysis of visual interpretation by overlay both of data (Map and Hotspot), showed that Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan had the quantity of hotspot are 283, 58, and 145 that concentrated on the palm field and the commulative were in Kecamatan Huristak, Barumun Tengah and Simangambat. In Kabupaten Labuhan Batu had the quantity of hotspot were 223, 58, and 191 that concentrated on log forest and plantations in Kecamatan Kualuh Leidong, Panai Tengah, and Kampung Rakyat. Supposition that come from this collected conditions and indications derived from fire's occurance. To handle this cases, the writer suggest for all correlated stake-holders suppose to set the forest and land'sfire. So that the worst effects caused of forest and land fire could be anticipated as soon as possible.