Pengaruh Jenis Kamera Digital dan Metode Kalibrasi Warna terhadap Akurasi Pengukuran Warna Gigi Menggunakan Fotografi Digital

Abstract

Shade matching in tooth restoration can be done with two methods, visual method using shade guide and instrumental method using colorimeter or spectrophotometer, both of this methods posses disadvantages that can cause bias in the shade matching result, therefore a new method using digital photography was proposed. The camera that is generally used in digital photography is DSLR camera, but this camera has drawbacks, such as the size of the camera which is large and heavy making it difficult to operate. Other types of digital cameras that are growing rapidly nowadays are mirrorless (MS) and smart phone (SP). These two cameras are smaller, lighter, and easier to operate. Due to various parameters that must be standardized in digital photography method, achieving a consistent and adequate photograph is difficult, therefore a color calibration method is needed before shade matching are carried out. The color calibration method that can be used in digital photography method is by using crosspolarization filter (CPF) with and without grey card (GC). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mirrorless and smart phone camera with color calibration method using CPF with and without GC on the accuracy of shade matching using digital photography. The research sample was 9 tabs from N-D shade guide. The sample was photographed using a DSLR camera with CPF and GC as the color calibration method, the shade tabs L*a*b* was measured using computer software. The sample group was divided into four groups; Group A (MS+CPF+GC), group B (MS+CPF), group C (SP+CPF+GC), group D (SP+CPF). The value of shade matching accuracy (ΔE) was obtained by comparing the L*a*b* value from the control group with the sample group. The effect of camera type and color calibration method was tested using paired T-test. The result showed that the most accurate color method was group C (1,75+0,30) and the least accurate was group D (27,03+1,19). Paired T-test result showed that there is an effect of MS and SP camera type with color calibration method using CPF and GC on the shade matching accuracy using digital photography with p value p=0,008 (P<0,05), there is an effect of the MS and SP camera type with color calibration method using CPF without GC on the shade matching accuracy using digital photography with p value p=0,0001 (P<0,05). There is an effect of the color calibration method using CPF with and without GC using MS camera on the shade matching accuracy using digital photography with p value p=0,0001 (P<0,05). There is an effect of the color calibration method using CPF with and without GC using a SP camera on the shade matching accuracy using digital photography with p value p=0,0001 (P<0,05). The best shade matching methods was SP+CPF+GC, The shade matching accuracy of MS+CPF+GC is clinically acceptable, therefore it is also recommended for clinical shade matching procedure.