Pengaruh Perlakuan Awal terhadap Kualitas Papan Partikel dari Kotoran Gajah dengan Perekat Urea Formaldehyde

Abstract

The type of material that can be developed as an ingredient in the manufacture of particle board, one of which is elephant dung. Efforts to improve the compatibility between the particleboard fiber power matrix can be done through pretreatment. The research was focused to knowing the effect of pretreatment on the quality of particle board made from elephant dung using UF adhesive. This study aims to analyze the effect of pretreatment on the mechanical and physical properties of particleboard from elephant dung using UF adhesive and to obtain the best pretreatment to made particleboard from elephant dung using UF adhesive. The particleboard is made to measure 18x19x1 cm3(length x width x thickness), with a target density of 0.8 g/cm3. The pretreatment of particleboard was divided into 4, namely control, boiling for 60 minutes, immersion in a solution of acetic acid and 2% NaOH for 24 hours. The results showed that the physical properties of particleboard which include density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness expansion ranged from 0.67-0.71 gr/cm3, 5.38-6.21%, 97.84-123.19 %, 34.38-46.25%. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of particleboard include the modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and internal bonds ranging from 18873-22122 kg/cm2, 194.49-241.08 kg/cm2, and 0.95-1.96 respectively. kg/cm2. Overall, the parameters tested in this study met the standards of SNI 03-2105-2006 except for the thickness development test and internal bond in the boiled pretreatment. Based on the scoring results,acetic acid pretreatment is the best pretreatment in the manufacture of particleboard.