Analisa Kejadian Pneumonia dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi serta Cara Penanggulangan Kejadiannya pada Anak Balita Pasca Gempa Bumi dan Getombang Tsunami di Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2006

Abstract

Pueumonia is of acute infection which affects the lungs tissue (alveoli) commonly

causcd by bactcria invasion signed with clinical synrptonr and last brcathing or chest iu- drawing. The pneumonia is one of the three causes of death in the children under five

years old or 75%o of the whole number of death. Aftcr the earth guake and tsunami struck Banda Aceh in 2005 the incidence of pneumonia increased from 3,2%o to 4.1%. The risk factors of the incident ot' pneumonia are, among other things, age, baby born with low weight (BBLR), nutrient status and population density. The other factors which inlluence it are the history ol'breastlbcding, vitamin A supplement, socioecononric condition, house with the pollution of smoke from the kitchen and the pollution of smoke from snrokirtg activities. This study aims at exarnining tlrc risk factors rclated to thc incident of pneunrorria in the children under five years old in tlancla Acch in 2006- 1'his analytical study uses the case control design to compare the group o{'people suffering from pneumonia (case group) with those who are not suffei'ing tiom pneumonia (control group). The samples are 196 children under five years old who came to the community health centers to have treatment by matching their sex and ages. The data obtained were thctr analyzed through univariate, bivariate (chi-square) and multivariate (double logistic regression) analysis. The result of chi-square test reveals that there is a significant relationship between nutrietrt status, breastfeeding, BBLR, smoke from smoking, smoke from the kitchen, dense population and immunization status and thc incidence of pneumonia with p .:0.C5 while the consumption of Vitamin A has no relationship at all. The result of'Inultivariate analysis through the double logistic regression shows there is an influence of nutrient status, smoke from smoking, smoke from the kitchen and dense pollulation on the incident of pneumonia as much as 68.9%. The conclusion of this study is that there are a relationship between internal and external risk factors and the incidence of pneumonia in Banda Aceh but providing vitamin A does not have any relationship to the incidence of pneumonia.