Efek Preventif Minyak Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa L.) Terhadap Penurunan Memori Spasial Mencit Yang Diberi Temozolomid

Abstract

Hippocampus is the residence of the neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate and generate new neurons (adult neurogenesis). There is positive correlation between the level of neurogenesis and spatial memory. Previous studies in animals showed that temozolomide (TMZ) decreased neurogenesis and spatial memory performance in Morris Water Maze (MWM) test. The black cumin oil (BCO) has been reported in protecting memory performance in mice after brain injury. However, the effect BCO in spatial memory performance during TMZ treatment has never been studied. In this study we observed the preventive effect of BCO on spatial memory decline due to TMZ. The mice (n=28) were divided into four groups that received No TMZ; TMZ i.p + aquadest p.o; TMZ i.p + BCO 0.1 ml p.o and TMZ i.p + BCO 0.2 ml p.o, respectively. After 9 weeks, the mice were subjected to MWM test (6 trials per day for 5 days with a reversal of the platform location on day 4). The time to find the platform (latency time) was used as the indicator of memory performance. We found that mice treated with TMZ+aquadest needed significantly more time to find the platform during memory acquisition phase (on day 3) than the other groups. While the BCO-treated mice showed no significant difference of latency time compared to control. The mice treated with BCO 0.2 ml showed better memory performance than the other groups in both acquisition and re-learning phase. This result showed that BCO can ameliorate the detrimental effect of TMZ on spatial memory.

Hippocampus is the residence of the neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate and generate new neurons (adult neurogenesis). There is positive correlation between the level of neurogenesis and spatial memory. Previous studies in animals showed that temozolomide (TMZ) decreased neurogenesis and spatial memory performance in Morris Water Maze (MWM) test. The black cumin oil (BCO) has been reported in protecting memory performance in mice after brain injury. However, the effect BCO in spatial memory performance during TMZ treatment has never been studied. In this study we observed the preventive effect of BCO on spatial memory decline due to TMZ. The mice (n=28) were divided into four groups that received No TMZ; TMZ i.p + aquadest p.o; TMZ i.p + BCO 0.1 ml p.o and TMZ i.p + BCO 0.2 ml p.o, respectively. After 9 weeks, the mice were subjected to MWM test (6 trials per day for 5 days with a reversal of the platform location on day 4). The time to find the platform (latency time) was used as the indicator of memory performance. We found that mice treated with TMZ+aquadest needed significantly more time to find the platform during memory acquisition phase (on day 3) than the other groups. While the BCO-treated mice showed no significant difference of latency time compared to control. The mice treated with BCO 0.2 ml showed better memory performance than the other groups in both acquisition and re-learning phase. This result showed that BCO can ameliorate the detrimental effect of TMZ on spatial memory.