Karyotipe Kromosom Kantong Semar (Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. dan Nepenthes tobaica Danser.) dengan Menggunakan Metode Pencet (Squash)

Abstract

The research of ”The Karyotype of Kantong Semar (Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq. and Nepenthes tobaica Danser.) By Using Squash Method”, has been conducted from April to Oktober 2009 at Laboratory of Genetics, Biology Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. Karyotype analysis has been done from root tip of Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq and N. tobaica Danser using squash method and acetocarmin staining. The result showed that, both of the spesies had same number of chromosomes, those are 78 (2n) or 39 (n). Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq had 3 types of chromosomes, which are grouped into: 29 metacentric, 9 submetacentric, and 1 acrocentric, while Nepenthes tobaica Danser had 3 types of chromosomes, which are grouped into: 27 metacentric, 10 submetacentric and 2 telocentric. The largest size of the submetacentric chromosome Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq was chromosome number 1 (1.34 µm) and the metacentric chromosome Nepenthes tobaica Danser was chromosome number 1 (1.27 µm). The smallest size of the metacentric chromosome Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq was number 39 (0.40 µm) and 0.30 µm for Nepenthes tobaica Danser. For Nepenthes reinwardtiana Miq, the highest percentage Relative Length (%RL) was chromosome number 1 (3.97%) while the smallest one was chromosome 39 (1.01%). The highest percentage Centromer Indeks (%CI) was chromosome 27 (50%) and the smallest was chromosome 3 (24.3%). For Nepenthes tobaica Danser, the highest percentage Relative Length (%RL) was chromosome number 1 (4.33%) and the smallest was chromosome 39 (0.91%). The highest percentage Centromer Indeks (%CI) was chromosome 1 (49.1%), and the smallest was chromosome number 19 (22.5%).