Pengaruh Karakteristik dan Pembinaan Kader dalam Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Posyandu terhadap Keterampilan Kader di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Hamparan Perak Tahun 2013

Abstract

Posyandu (integrated health post), a place where people weigh their children under five years old, involves community in conducting health services from and to community by its cadres. The low performance of posyandu is caused by the lack of the health cadres' capability and the training from the agency concerned; besides that, people ' interest in using posyandu is low. The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the characteristics and training of cadres in the implementation of posyandu activities and to analyze which variables that had the most dominant influence on the cadres' skills in Hamparan Perak Subdistrict, Deli Serdang District, in 2013. The type of the research was observational quantitative with cross sectional design. The population was all 154 active cadres who belonged to Posyandu Pratama, Madya, and Purnama in Hamparan Perak Subdistrict, and 74 of them were used as the samples, using purposive sampling technique. The data collection techniques gained through observation and interviews with questionnaires. The descriptive analysis was performed on all variables, and to analyze the influence of the characteristics and training of cadres in the implementation of Posyandu activities on cadres' skills with multiple logistic regression. The result of the research showed that skills cadres were 45.9% and unskilled cadres were 54.1%. There were the influences of education (p=0.005), length of service (p=0. 043), knowledge (p=0. 001), and training (p=0. 002) on cadres' skills in implementing posyandu activities. The most dominant variable was the variable of knowledge with the value of regression coefficient B = 2.363. It is recommended that Hamparan Perak Puskesmas should conduct training to posyandu cadres in every activity, so the cadres as a principal activity that Posyandu has a duty and responsibility towards the implementation of more skilled

Posyandu yang merupakan sarana kegiatan penimbangan balita, dalam kegiatan nyatanya melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya pelayanan kesehatan dari-oleh-untuk masyarakat yang dilaksanakan oleh kader. Rendahnya kinerja Posyandu disebabkan karena kemampuan kader kesehatan dan pembinaan dari instansi terkait yang masih kurang, dan minat masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan Posyandu juga masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik dan pembinaan kader dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan Posyandu serta menganalisis variabel mana yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan kader di Kecamatan Hamparan Perak Kabupaten Deli Serdang tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian obsevasional kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi adalah seluruh kader aktif yang ada di Kecamatan Hamparan Perak sebanyak 154 orang yang merupakan bagian dari Posyandu Pratama, Madya dan Purnama. Sampel berjumlah 74 orang dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan kuesioner. Analisis deskriptif dilakukan pada semua variabel, dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik dan pembinaan kader dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan Posyandu terhadap keterampilan kader dilakukan dengan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kader yang terampil 45,9% dan ticiak terampil 54,1 %. Ada pengaruh pendidikan (p=0,005), lama kerja (p=0,043), pengetahuan (p=0,001), dan pembinaan (p=0,002) terhadap keterampilan kader dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan Posyandu. Variabel yang paling dominan adalah variabel pengetahuan yaitu pada nilai koefisien regresi B= 2,363. Disarankan kepada Puskesmas Hamparan Perak agar melakukan pembinaan terhadap kader Posyandu secara rutin pada setiap pelaksanaan Posyandu sehingga kader sebagai penyelenggara utama kegiatan Posyandu yang mempunyai tugas dan tanggung jawab terhadap pelaksanaan kegiatan Posyandu lebih terampil