Pengaruh Karakteristik dan Perilaku Pencegahan Paparan terhadap Kadar Timbal (Pb) dalam Darah Pekerja Bengkel Kendaraan Beroda Dua di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Kecamatan Medan Baru Tahun 2014

Abstract

Air pollution caused by the exhaust of moto;· vehicles which use BBM (oil fuel) is the biggest pollution (around 60%). The use of BBM in Indonesia is still dominated by the use of leaded gasoline so that it will increase the level of ambient air pollution. Motor vehicles play an important role in contributing to air pollutimz. Lead which enters a human body, even though it is only little, can be very dangerous because it is accumulated in the body and will eventually cause organ jimction to be poisoned The workers who take high risk of being exposed to lead (Pb) are those who work at motor-cycle repair shops at Kelurahan Padang Bulan, Medan Baru Subdistrict. The objective of the research was to find out the irifluence of the characteristics and behavior of preventing exposure to lead content (Pb) in the blood. oftl,e workers who warked at nwtor-cycle repair shops at Kelurahan Padang Bulan, Medan Baru, in 2014. The research used cross sectional design. The population was 32 workers at motor-cycle repair shops, and all of them were used as the samples, using total sampling technique. The data were processed statistically b_-y using multiple logistic regression tests. The result of the research showed that there was the correlation of the length of service and the use of personal protective device with lead content (Pb) in the blood of the workers who worked at the motor-cycle repair shops. The length of service was the most dominant influence on the lead content (Pb) in the blood of the workers h 1ho worked at the motor-cycle repair shops at Kelurahan Padang Bulan, Medan Baru Subdistrict, in 2014. It is recommended that workers who work at motor-cycle repair shops examine their health regularly, use personal protective device like masker in order to reduce lead exposure to bodies, and wash their hands after having worked and before direcily contacting with food It is also recommended that the management of the motor-cycle repair shops provide personal protective device in order to reduce the lead (Pb) exposure in the workers

Pencemaran udara oleh gas buang kendaraan bermotor dari penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) merupakan sumber pencemaran udara terbesar yaitu sekitar 60%. Penggunaan BBM di Indonesia masih didominasi oleh penggunaan bensin bertimbal, sehingga semakin tinggi tingkat pencemaran di udara ambient. Kendaraan bermotor mempunyai peranan yang sangat besar dalam memberikan kontribusi pada pencemaran udara. Timbal yang masuk ke tubuh manusia meskipun dalam kadar sedikit dapat menjadi berbahaya, karena terakumulasi dalam tubuh dan akhimya menimbulkan efek keracunan terhadap berbagai fungsi organ. Salah satu pekerja yang memiliki resiko tinggi terpapar timbal (Pb) adalah pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Kecamatan Medan Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik dan perilaku pencegahan paparan terhadap kadar timbal (Pb) dalam darah pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Kecamatan Medan Baru tahun 2014. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel adalah pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua dengan besar sampel sebanyak 32 pekerja yang diambil secara total sampling. Data selanjutnya diolah secara statistik menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara masa kerja dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri terhadap kadar timbal (Pb) dalam darah pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua. Masa kerja merupakan variabel paling dominan dalam memengaruhi kadar timbal (Pb) dalam darah pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua di Kelurahan Padang Bulan Kecamatan Medan Baru tahun 2014. Bagi pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua agar melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala, menggunakan alat pelindung diri berupa masker untuk mengurangi paparan timbal (Pb) terhadap tubuh, dan mencuci tangan setelah bekerja dan sebelum berkontak langsung dengan makanan. Diharapkan bagi pengelola bengkel agar menyediakan masker untuk mengurangi paparan timbal (Pb) terhadap pekerja bengkel kendaraan beroda dua