Pembuatan Asap Cair dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Melalui Teknik Kondisi Lingkungan Udara Terkendali Sebagai Bahan Pengawet Ikan

Abstract

In this research, the pyrolysis process by flowing nitrogen gas with flow rate of 10 ml/sec, so that the conditioned air environment controlled and free air pyrolysis to produce liquid smoke to be used as preservatives in fish. Liquid smoke is characterized by means of Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra (GC-MS) to see its constituent compounds and Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FT-IR) to see the functional groups, and then compared the results between the two methods of pyrolysis, to obtain the liquid smoke carried distilled grade 2 will be applied as a preservative African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) with a shelf life of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 days and analyzed the nutritional value of fish during storage of the water content, protein content, fat content, ash content. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectra of inferential pyrolysis temperature of 900°C at a controlled air pyrolysis showed the highest phenol compound in the percentage area of 22.28% with a retention time of 8.637, at 700 ° C shows the highest percentage of acetic acid 2:10 area with a retention time of 8.104%, while the pyrolysis the highest phenol- free air in the percentage area of 35.09% with a retention time of 7.461 looks at 500°C pyrolysis temperature, acetic acid is the highest in the percentage area of 78.26% with a retention time of 20.309 pyrolysis at a temperature of 900°C. This indicates that the temperature and pressure affect the composition of the chemical compounds produced liquid smoke. To determine the effectiveness of liquid smoke as a preservative fish tested in microbial spoilage microbes' fish with Kyrbi-Bauer method results can be summarized in the liquid smoke-free air is more effectively used as preservatives in fish because of the higher content of phenol and acetate acid which acts as antimicrobial compounds. For the organoleptic test on fish within the prescribed period, the fish preserved with liquid smoke-free air is more durable.