Adaptasi Arsitektur Nieuwe Bouwen pada Bangunan Kolonial Belanda di Kota Medan

Abstract

Nieuwe Bouwen architecture is modern Dutch architecture that means new building (new construction) and the main slogan are light, air, and space. This term began to evolve in Netherlands since 1920s. This architecture that came in and envolved in Indonesia is carried by the Dutch architect, also influenced Dutch colonial building in Indonesia include Medan city. This architectural style is guided to the Netherlands with adapting to climate and local technology. This study aim to determine what kind of Nieuwe Bouwen that influence Dutch colonial building in Medan city and to find a form of adaptation Nieuwe Bouwen architecture to Dutch colonial building in Medan. This study used qualitative method, namely by studying literature about Nieuwe Bouwen architecture to obtain secondary data. The findings of this study are the object of research, namely by PD Pasar office Medan, Paradiso swimming pool, and Mandiri KC Medan Cityhall bank are influenced by Nieuwe Bouwen expressionism architecture and there are form of adaptation Nieuwe Bouwen architecture to Dutch colonial building in Medan, that is in PD Pasar office Medan, form of climate adaptation are using ventilation, windows, and outer wall. In Paradiso swimming pool, form of climate adaptation are in roof, using ventilation, in windows, door, and outer wall. As well in Mandiri KC Medan Cityhall bank, form of climate adaptation are in roof, using ventilation, in windows, door, and outer wall. While, form of local technology adaptation in the object of research are not applying brick expressionism in fasade of the building. It shows that time, there is no high skill in making brick expressionism in fasade of the building.