Fermentasi Gliserol Hasil Samping Pabrik Biodiesel Menjadi 1,3-Propanadiol dengan Menggunakan Bakteri Enterobacter Aerogenes

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to produce 1,3-Propanediol from fermentation of glycerol as a byproduct of biodiesel production using Enterobacter aerogenes. This study was done at the Laboratory of Bioprocess Research Center of Oil Palm, Medan. This study was began with a purification of crude glycerol to produce pure glycerol and the results of purification were analyzed. And the process was continued with culture of bacteria for fermentation. Fermentation of glycerol was done with volume of glycerol was setted 50 ml where variables such fermentation time (1, 2, and 3 days), volume of inoculum (5, 7, and 10 % from the volume of glycerol was fermented) and temperature of fermentation (25 and 37◦C) were studied. The results of fermentation were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC). The results of glycerol was obtained that the color of glycerol was clear, the density of glycerol was 1,2777 g / ml, FFA was 7,83 %, moisture content was 1,298 %, ash content was 6 % and level of glycerol was 83,2572 %. Analysis of GC showed the purity of 1,3-Propanediol from fermentation of glycerol, and then the concentration of 1,3-Propanediol was calculated from that data. The best results of fermentation was obtained in fermentation 1 day with concentration of 1,3-Propanediol was 6,196 mol/ml, ratio inoculum : substrate 0,07 with concentration of 1,3-Propanediol was 4,251 mol/ml, and temperature 25 ◦C with concentration of 1,3-Propanediol was 6,433 mol/ml.