| dc.description.abstract | Research on the study of provision microcrystalline cellulose from oil palm empty
fruit bunches (Elaesis guineensis) by hydrolysis method using hydrochloric acid
(HCl) aims to determine the concentrations of HCl and most optimum
temperature hydrolysis in producing microcrystalline cellulose. Making the
microcrystalline cellulose is composed of two phases, they are alkalization and
acid hydrolysis. Alkalization stage is done by soaking cellulose oil palm empty
fruit bunches with 17.5% NaOH solution to produce α-cellulose, then acid
hydrolysis stage is done by hydrolyzed α-cellulose with various concentrations
HCl such as 2 N, 2,5 N, 3 N and 3,5 N and various temperature such as 65°C,
70°C, 75 °C and 80°C to produce microcrystalline cellulose. Analysis was
conducted on the physicochemical properties through observation organoleptic,
pH test, drying on loss, and substances soluble in water and characterization
usingthe instrument such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction
(XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) each conducted to determine
the molecular structure, crystallinity index and morphology of microcrystalline
cellulose produced. In this research, the optimum conditions resulting
microcrystalline cellulose hydrolysis process is at concentration of HCl 2,5N 75
temperature which has characteristics such as powder form of fine and white, the
pH value of 7, the value of water-soluble substances 0,2%, the value of drying
shrinkage of 1,57% and has met the requirements of the British Pharmacopeia
2009. The result of characterization with FTIR shows that absorbance of OH
group function at microcrystalline cellulose decrease or lower (3340 cm-1) than
two other samples. Then there is CH2 streching from metoxcil aromatic group at
microcrystalline cellulose also having decrease absorbance value. The result of
XRD shows that microcrystalline cellulose is really crystal phase was indicated by
two peaks which is relative sharper than two other samples exactly at angle (2θ)
20° and 22°. Crystallinity index of microcrystalline cellulose at concentration HCl
2,5 N 75 °C are 72.9%, meanwhile the resulf of SEM shows that microfibril size
from microcrystalline cellulose has been changed to smaller than two other
samples | en_US |
