Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Dedak Padi (Rice Bran Oil) dengan Reaksi Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Katalis Heterogen Zeolit Alam yang Dimodifikasi dengan KOH

Abstract

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel. Biodiesel is created by triglyceride, oil or fat, catalysts and alcohol, it’s called transesterification reaction. The transesterification of rice bran oil was studied using KOH/natural zeolite as a solid heterogeneous catalyst. Free fatty acid content in rice bran oil is 1,222%, which has more than 1%. KOH/natural zeolite catalyst was prepared by modification using impregnation process with reflux condenser. Various process variable such as KOH concentration (75/100 ml – 175/100 ml), amount of catalyst (2-4%), reaction time (1,5-3,5 hour) and ratio mole alcohol/oil (8:1-12:1) was studied in order to obtain the highest biodiesel yield. The transesterification reaction was held on 60 ºC with 500 rpm. The highest yield biodiesel is 98,71%, which was reached on 2% catalyst, reaction time 2 hour, ratio mole alcohol/oil 10:1. KOH/natural zeolites were characterization using several techniques such as FTIR and AAS.