Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Dedak Padi (Rice Bran Oil) dengan Reaksi Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Katalis Heterogen Zeolit Alam yang Dimodifikasi dengan K2CO3

Abstract

This study aimed to see the effectiveness of using the heterogeneous catalysts natural zeolite were modified by K2CO3 in the production of biodiesel from rice bran oil as raw through transesterification reaction, in order to obtain the best yield from the various reaction variables were done. As a raw material in reaction, rice bran oil has amounted to 1,2225% FFA content (more than 1%). Catalysts modified K2CO3/natural zeolite which would be used, was prepared by modification process with impregnation process in reflux condenser at temperature 60 °C for 2 hours and calcination at 450 °C for 4 hours. Variables process were used in the synthesis of biodiesel consisting of fixed and changed variables. Fixed variable was done in reaction at temperature 65 °C and stirring speed 500 rpm. Changed process variables such as K2CO3 concentration (15 gram/60 mL–55 gram/60 mL) for stage to preparing catalysts, amount of catalyst (2–4 wt% of oil), reaction time (2–4 hours), and ratio molar alcohol/oil (8:1–12:1 n/n) was studied in order to obtain the highest biodiesel yield. The transesterification was held on temperature reaction 65 °C with stirring speed 500 rpm. The highest yield biodiesel is 98,18%, which was reached on amount catalysts 4 wt%, reaction time 3 hours, and ratio molar alcohol/oil 10:1 n/n. In this research showed that catalyst modified K2CO3/natural zeolite can be suitable used as catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel through transesterification reaction from rice bran oil.