Pembuatan Sabun Cair Menggunakan Alkali Dari Kulit Coklat (Theobroma cacao L.) dengan Minyak Kelapa

Abstract

This study was aimed to discover the potential of cacao husk as source of alkali for soap making process and to discover the characteristics of natural soap made from coconut oil as source of fatty acid. Materials used were alkali from cacao husk, coconut oil and aquadest. Variables observed were temperatures of saponification process, mixing time and reaction time. This study was begun with alkali from cacao husk making process, cacao husk were dried with oven at 105 ˚C for 24 hours. The dried of cacao husk was crashed using ball mill and resulting husk powder was burned in a furnace at 600 ˚C for 6 hours. 10 g cacao husk ash were leached with 50 ml aquadest at 65 ˚C for 60 minutes, with the result of potassium concentration was 1.01 N. Analysing using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) founded that the amount of potassium as a potassium hydroxide was 39.91%. Blend 30 ml alkali into 40 ml coconut oil at temperature variable were 50, 65 and 80 ˚C and the mixing time variable were 2, 3 and 4 hours. Meanwhile, the saponification time were 0, 12 and 24 hours. The result for pH were obtained between 8.2-10.2 and free alkaline content were obtained between 0,0089-0,0378%. Meanwhile the density were obtained between 1.02- 1.12 g/cm3 and saponification number were obtained between 197.52-282.18 mg/g. This study showed that alkali from cacao husk was effective to produce natural soap with coconut oil as fatty acid sources.