Pembuatan Hybrid Biokomposit dari Pati Biji Mangga (mangifera indica) Berpengisi Nanopartikel ZnO (Zinc Oxide) dan Mikropartikel Clay Dengan Plasticizer Gliserol

Abstract

Hybrid biocomposite is the addition of two materials or more of different reinforcing particles of the properties resulting in interaction as well as a more complex reinforcement process both to the matrix and filler and one of the constituents made of natural materials. Hybrid fillers used are zinc oxide (ZnO), a nanoparticle-sized, environmentally friendly and readily synthesized and clay with strong, rigid, abundant in nature, inexpensive and high in interconnecting particles into its structure. The aim of this research is to know the potency of mango seed and filler of zinc oxide and clay nanoparticles and glycerol concentration to mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), physical properties (resistance to water and density), functional groups (FTIR) and surface morphology (SEM). Biocomposite production refers to the method of melt intercalation, which does not require the addition of solvent in the manufacture of hybrid biocomposites. In this study used mango seed starch mass of 5 grams, with ZnO filler mass of 0; 1; 3; And 6% wt and clay of 0; 3; 6; And 9 wt%, while mass of glycerol with variation 0; 20; 25; 30; And 35% wt. The heating temperature of the biocomposite solution used was 80,53 0C. The resulting biocomposites were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties, including FTIR, SEM, RVA, tensile strength, elongation at break, water absorption, and density. From result of FTIR analysis showed the expansion of OH group from 3599,17 cm-1 to 3645,46 cm-1. FTIR analysis result also shows the existence of new functional group formed that is group C=C (aromatic ring). The SEM results show the biocomposite morphology in which the hybrid filler is dispersed well enough that indirectly affects the mechanical properties of the biocomposite. From manganese starch starch analys is, starch content of starch 75,47%, amylopectin content 44,0%, amylose 14,82% and water content 12,65%, gelatinization temperature 80,53 0C with peak viscosity 5303 cP , And a breakdown viscosity of 1577 cP. In this study obtained biocomposite with the best conditions on the use of ZnO 3% hybrid filler, 6% clay and 25% glycero l, with a tensile strength of 6,053 MPa, percent extension at break off 58,148%, density 1,338 gr / cm3 and moisture absorption percentage 27,845 %.