Proporsi Kadar LOW-HDL-C pada Populasi Hipertensi Essensial Suku Aceh di Kabupaten Aceh Utara

Abstract

Background Low-High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Low-HDL-C) is one of the independence essential hypertension risk factors and associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas data of the proportions are very limited. High prevalence of essential hypertension (EH) is in Aceh Utara district + 30.6yo lu/Lth both geographical and demographical factots of the original Acehnese and they have been known to be consumptive of both high salt and high fat diet. Objective The aim of this research was to assess the role of HDL-C level and Low-HDL-C in EH population of Acehnese at Aceh Utara district and to evaluate correlations between HDL-C level and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBPiDBP), severity and duration of EH, ureum and creatinine level. Methods This research was an analytical observational study using cross-sectional approach. The Subjects were enrolled using consecutive sampling method with 137 samples and were divided into 2 groups consisting of 69 patients in the EH group and 68 healthy subjects in the normotensive (NT) group. The data analysis was carried out with the 15.0 version of the SPSS program. A p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The mean of HDL-C level in both men and women were significantly lower in the EH group (37.89 +2.60 mg/dl and 43.47+ 3.94 mgldl), respectively) than the NT group (56.73 + 9.45 mg/dl and 60.19 + 12.02 mg/dl respectively, p : 0.0001). The Low-HDL-C proportion in the EH group were also signifrcantly higher than the NT group (81.8% and 18.2%o respectively, p:0.0001). The EH patient had 10.8 times higher risk to experience Low-HDL-C than the NT subject (OR:10.8, 95% C14.72-25.04, p: 0.0001). The Low-HDL-C proportion were also significantly higher as level of hypertension increased (p=0.002). There were significant negative correlations between duration of hypertension and HDL-C (r- -0.449; p: 0.0001), SBP and HDL-C (r: -0.564 ; p=0.0001), DBP and HDL-C (= -0.497 ; p:0.0001). Conclusion The Low HDL-C proportion was significantly higher in EH goup. We found significant correlation between EH and Low-HDL-C. The HDL-C level had significant negative correlations with severity of EH, SBP, DBP, ureum and creatinin

Latar Belakang Low High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ( Low-HDL-C) adalah salah satu faktor resiko independen pada hipertensi essensial dan berkaitan dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular, dimana data proporsinya di Indonesia sangat terbatas. Prevalensi hipertensi essensial yang tinggi terdapat di Aceh Utara * 30-6%a dengan karakteristik faktor geografis dan demografis suku Aceh asli yang diketahui sering mengkonsumsi diet tinggi garam dan tinggi lemak. Tujuan Penelitian Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai peftman kadar HDL-C dan Low-HDL-C pada populasi HE suku Aceh di kabupaten Aceh Utara dan menilai hubungan antara kadar HDL-C dengan tekanan darah sistolik (TDS), tekanan daruh diastolik (TDD), beratnya hipertensi, lama menderita hipertensi, kadar ureum dan kreatinin. Metode Penelitian Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel diperoleh menggunakan sistem consecutive sampling dengan mengikutsertakan 137 sampel, terdiri dari 69 sampel kelompok hipertensi essensial (HE) dan 68 sampel kelompok normotensi (NT). Data dianalisis melalui program SP^S^S I 5. 0 for lV'indow s, rulu p signifikan bila < 0.05. Hasil Penelitian Hasil analisis rerata kadar HDL-C pria dan wanita pada kelompok HE (masing masing adalah 37.89 *2.60 mg/dl dan43.47+ 3.94 mgldl) signifikan lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok NT (masing masing adalah 56.73 + 9.45 mgldl dan 60.19 + 12.02 mg/dl, p: 0.0001). Proporsi kadar Low-HDL-C signifikan lebih tinggi pada kelompok HE dibanding dengan kelompok NT (masing masing adalah 81.8 %o dan 18.2 o/o,p:0.0001). Pasien dengan HE memiliki risiko 10.8 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami Low-HDL-C dibanding subjek NT (OR:10.8, Cl 95o/o: 4.72-25.04, p: 0.0001). Proporsi Low-HDL-C signifikan lebih tinggi sesuai dengan derajat hipertensi (p=0.002). Terdapat korelasi negatif yang signifikan antara lama hipertensi dengan kadar HDL-C (r- -0.449; p: 0.0001), antara TDS dengan kadar HDL-C (r:-0.564 ; p:0.0001), antara TDD dengan kadar HDL-C (r-0.497 ; P:0.0001). Kesimpulan Proporsi kadar Low-HDL-C signifikan lebih tinggi secara statistik pada kelompok HE. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara HE dengan kadar HDL-C. Kadar HDL-C berkorelasi negatif dengan lama hipertensi, TDS, TDD, kadar ureum dan kreatinin