Hubungan Pola Aktivitas Siswa dengan Kelainan Refraksi pada Siswa SD di Kecamatan Medan Baru

Abstract

Background. Refractive disorder is a circumstance in which the eye fails to focus the light coming from an object onto the retina resulting in blurred shadows. One of the risk factors that cause or increase the progressivity of refractive disorder is environmental factors. Environmental factors are avoidable factors and are related to the social aspects of a child, such as a child's habitual patterns in carrying close range activities (reading, using a computer, playing video games, and watching television) and also outdoor activities. Objectives. To examine the correlation between student activity patterns and the occurrence of refractive disorder. Methods. This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The data used are primary data obtained directly through visus examination with the Snellen Chart and pinhole, and through filling out questionnaires by elementary school students. Result. Based on the results of the chi-square test, it was found that there was a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between the duration, distance, and position of the body when reading books with the occurrence of refractive disorder. There was also a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between duration, distance, and body position when using gadgets with the occurrence of refractive disorder. Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between the activity patterns of the students when reading books and when using gadgets with the occurrence of refractive disorder.