Gambaran Bakteri Penyebab Infeksi Saluran Kemih Serta Pola Resistensi Antibiotik dari Kultur Urin Pasien Infeksi Saluran Kemih di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2019-2021

Abstract

Background. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection when bacteria from skin or rectum enter the urethra and infect the urinary tract. It is caused by various pathogens, but bacteria are the most common one. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a dominant infectious agent of UTI. Inadequate of antibiotic use can increase UTI resistance to antibiotic. Results from several studies found that resistant to Ampicillin is the most common case of antibiotic resistance. Objectives. To find out the profile of bacteria that cause UTI at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan in 2019–2021 and its resistance to antibiotics. Methods. This is a descriptive study with retrospective approach. Data collected from medical records of urine culture results that met the inclusion criteria at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan in 2019–2021. The sample was gathered by total sampling method. Data were analyzed using a statistical software. Results. Escherichia coli (39,1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17,8%), and Enterococcus faecalis (11,5%) most widely found in this study. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are most resistant to Ampicillin with resistance level at 96,6% and 100%. However, Escherichia coli is most sensitive to Tigecycline (100%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae is sensitive to Amikacin (92,6%). Enterococcus faecalis is most resistant to Tetracycline and Quinupristin/Dalfopristin (100%), but it is sensitive to Tigecycline (100%). Conclusion. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis are the most common bacteria that cause UTI. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are most resistant to Ampicillin while Enterococcus faecalis is most resistant to Tetracycline and Quinupristin/Dalfopristin.