Gambaran Derajat Risiko Kardiovaskular pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that happens when pancreas can no longer produce insulin, or when the body can’t utilize the insulin that has been produced. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, responsible for more than 90% of the total diabetes case globally. The majority of mortality in type 2 diabetes is caused by cardiovascular disease. Various methods were developed to assest the cardiovascular risk, one of which is the Skor Kardiovaskular Jakarta, a scoring method that has been customized with Indonesia community. Objective. This study aims to describe the profile of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital Medan. Method. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional study design. This study uses primary data from interviews and secondary data in the form of medical records. The population of this study were all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 25–64 years at The Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital Medan in October–November 2022. The number of sample needed is 64 research subjects with sampling technique used is consecutive sampling. Results. Of the 64 DMT2 patients, there were 35 women (54,7%%) and 29 men (45,3%). The most common age group is from the age group of 60–64 years old, as much as 29 (45,3%). The most common blood pressure status on subjects is normal blood pressure, there were 27 (42,2%). Body mass index in the range of 13,79–25,99 has the most frequency with 26 subjects (40,6%). The majority of the subjects have smoking status of never smoke with 44 subjects (68,8%). Most of the subjects have low physical activity status with 26 subjects (40,6%). The majority of the subjects have high risk of cardiovascular disease with 52 subjects (81,3%). Conclusion. Most of the type 2 diabetes patients are at high risk for cardiovascular disease.