Analisis Pengaruh Antropogenik terhadap Deforestasi di Kawasan TWA Holiday Resort Pusat Latihan Gajah Labuhanbatu Selatan Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Deforestation activities in Indonesia are increasingly a concern. All of these actions resulted in the loss of 50% of tropical forests, impacting the livelihoods of forest-dependent communities. This condition has accelerated the rate of deforestation, both due to illegal logging and forest encroachment by converting its function to agriculture. One of them is the encroachment of the TWA Holiday Resort area as a form of forest governance and weak law enforcement. In this area, there is the Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus), which is classified as a critically endangered species. Human activities (anthropogenic) provide the largest contribution to forest destruction in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze land cover changes due to deforestation and identify anthropogenic factors that influence deforestation efforts. The stages of this research method are multiple linear regression analysis; analysis of anthropogenic activity paths; and spatial analysis of cover changes using images and accuracy tests. The results showed that, for 30 years, there was deforestation from the secondary dry land forest of 2079.342 ha to the forest, namely swamp shrubs covering an area of 30.5 ha (1.5%) and non-forest covering an area of 2048.8 ha (98.6%). The highest deforestation rate occurred from 1996 to 2000, with as much as 2027,342 ha (97.5%). The form of land cover due to deforestation is plantations of 1990.8 ha (95.7%) and settlements of 57.8 ha (2.8%). Based on the analysis of the anthropogenic influence on deforestation through the recognition of the status of the area based on the path analysis, the influential variables are occupation and length of residence. The longer people live in the area, the higher the perception and activity of deforestation due to the low recognition of the status of the area. The work of the community is increasingly unstable, and the higher perception and activity of deforestation is due to the low recognition of the status of the area.