Hubungan Pemberian ASI dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Anak Usia 0-5 Tahun di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background. One of the efforts to improve children's health is decreasing infant and toddler mortality rates. Pneumonia is still one of the most common causes of death in infants and toddlers. An important factor that is considered protective against pneumonia is exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months of age. Breast milk contains various bioactive components that will play a role in forming the children's immunity. Aim. This study aims to determine the effect of breastfeeding on the incidence of pneumonia in children. Methods. This study was conducted descriptively and analytically by directly observing the secondary data from the patient's medical records. The design used in this study is a cross-sectional retrospective with a simple random sampling technique. The data is then tested with Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) in univariate to see the frequency and distribution, then further analyzed in bivariate to determine the relationship between variables. Results. The general characteristics of the patients were dominated by those who are age 0 years (52.5%), male sex (54.2%), and those with a history of exclusive breastfeeding (51.4%). Out of a total of 177 samples, 92 children were diagnosed with pneumonia (52%). The p-value result from the bivariate analysis test is 0.133 (p >0.05). Conclusion. The result of the bivariate analysis test showed no significant relationship between breastfeeding and pneumonia incidence in children.