Faktor-Faktor Risiko yang Memengaruhi Risiko Hospitalisasi Pasien Terinfeksi Covid 19

Abstract

Background. COVID-19 is a highly contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 is a disease that we will continue to face in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to know what factors affect the risk of hospitalization of patients infected with COVID-19 so that preventive measures can be taken as quickly as possible. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that affect the risk of hospitalization of patients infected with COVID-19. Method. This research was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional research design. The sample in this study is the people of North Sumatra who used Telemedicine COVID-19 USU and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were then analyzed by using the Chi-square test and calculating the Odds Ratio. Results. The results of statistical test calculations show that there is no relationship between respondent characteristics in the form of age, sex, Body Mass Index, and vaccination history with the risk of hospitalization of patients infected with COVID-19 (p-value > 0.05), but there is a relationship between clinical manifestations (runny nose, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, ageusia, and anosmia) and comorbidities (diabetes and hypertension) with the risk of hospitalization of patients infected with COVID-19 (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion. Runny nose, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, ageusia, and anosmia experienced by patients infected with COVID-19 along with hypertension and diabetes of patients infected with COVID-19 are risk factors affecting the risk of hospitalization of patients infected with COVID-19.