Gambaran Pola Makan pada Penderita Hipertensi di Puskesmas Tanah Tinggi Kota Binjai Tahun 2022

Abstract

Background. Hypertension is still a big problem for society and is one of the causes of death from cardiovascular disease. One of the causes of hypertension is due to the wrong diet. Therefore, this research is expected to be a reference for clinicians to educate patients regarding eating patterns to suit the hypertension diet so that hypertensive patients can be controlled. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to obtain knowledge about the description of eating patterns in people with hypertension at the Tanah Tinggi Health Center, Binjai City in 2022. Methods. This research is a descriptive study of 54 hypertension patients at the Tanah Tinggi Health Center, Binjai City in 2022 with a cross-sectional design. This study used the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) form to collect data of the study. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. Results. This study showed that all respondents consumed rice as a staple food 1-3 times a day, with the most consumed side dishes were eggs, namely 1-3 times a week. Vegetables that are commonly consumed as a respondent's eating menu is water spinach which consumed 1-3 times a week. The fruits consumed by respondents were bananas 1-3 times a week. Most of the respondents in this study had a percentage of energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake less than the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). This does not meet the requirements for a standard hypertensive diet. Conclusion. The eating pattern of hypertension patients at Tanah Tinggi Health Center in Binjai City in 2022 is not in accordance with dietary recommendations for hypertensive patients.