Gambaran Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Pasien Wanita Perimenopause dan Postmenopause di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2021

Abstract

Background. Cardiovascular diseases are taking an estimated 17,9 million lives each year, 85% were caused by coronary heart disease. After menopause, there are physiological changes that occurs in women’s body that increase the risk of coronary heart disease. Risk factors associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease are, family history, age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking. Objectives. To examine the risk factors associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women at RSUP Haji Adam Malik in 2021, Methods. This study is a descriptive study with cross sectional design and retrospective approach, carried out at RSUP Haji Adam Malik. The data were taken from 1 January-31 December 2021. Results. The results showed that out of 75 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women who suffered from CHD, 61 patients (81,3%) were >50 years old, 3 patients (4%) had a family history of CHD, 53 patients (70,7%) had hypertension, 45 patients (60%) had diabetes, 58 patients (77,3%) with dyslipidemia, 10 patients (13,3%) were obese, and 14 patients (18,7%) had a history of smoking. Conclusion. Risk factors for CHD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, are having a family history of CHD, age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking.