Gambaran Anemia Berdasarkan Derajat Keparahan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik Dewasa di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2019-2021

Abstract

Background. Anemia is defined as a physical condition in which the number of red blood cells or the level of circulating hemoglobin decreases and it cannot meet the physiological needs of the body, COPD is a chronic disease with anemia as a comorbidity. The prevalence of anemia in COPD patients range from 7,5% to 33%. The course of COPD is accompanied by inflammatory and non-inflammatory processes that can develop into anemia. Objective. Describe anemia according to the severity of COPD at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, in Medan and an overview of the characteristics of COPD patients with anemia (age, gender, occupation, smoking status, history of exacerbation, duration of diagnosis, and general symptoms). Method. This study descriptive methods with a total sampling technique. All medical records of adult COPD patients with anemia meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan from 2019–2021 were include. Results. The study sample was 31 patients, consisting of 25 men and 6 women, Adult COPD patients with anemia were mostly found in the age group 51–59 (58.1%). The majority of this study sample mostly had mild anemia is 19 people (61,3%) and severe obstructive severity is 15 people (48.8%), Conclusion. Anemia is a comorbidity to be considered in COPD patients, adult COPD patients with anemia have a higher risk of exacerbations and have three common symptoms of shortness of breath, chronic cough, and chronic sputum.