Jumlah Kasus, Demografi, dan Gambaran Klinis Palsi Serebral pada Anak di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2020-2021

Abstract

Background: Cerebral palsy is a permanent brain disorder that does not progressively affect the development of motor movements and posture, causing limited individual activity, usually manifesting in the fetal or infant brain. Restricted activity or postural disturbances that occur depending on the area of the brain that is experiencing developmental disorders. The CDC reports prevalence rates of cerebral palsy worldwide, ranging from 1 to nearly 4 per 1000 live births or per 1000 children. The information on the incidence of cerebral palsy in developing countries is still unclear. However, it is predicted that the prevalence of cases in developing countries with cerebral palsy is 1.5-5.6 cases per 1000 live births. Whereas in the last decade, there has been a significant increase in cerebral palsy. Objective: To find out the number of cases, demographics, and clinical features of cerebral palsy in children at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2020-2021. Methods: This study applied a descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique was carried out by total sampling. Results: The number of cases of cerebral palsy in children at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2020-2021 was 67 patients. The highest age was in the infant group or 0 to 5 years as many as 56 cases (83.6%). Dominated by male gender as many as 38 cases (56.7%). The gestational age that occurred in the largest group was at termed (74.6). Clinical features based on the most classification are spastic with 58 cases (86.6%) and 18 cases (26.9%) in the Gross Motor Function Classification System at level III. Conclusion: It was found that the number of cases in children with cerebral palsy at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2020-2021 was 67 cases.