Uji Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Basilicum L) secara In Vitro dan Antiinflamasi secara In Vivo terhadap Tikus Betina Mastitis yang di Induksi Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract

Mastitis in an infant caused by Staphylococcus aureus is the main cause. This bacteria has a cell wall that contains 50% peptides, as well as endotoxin that triggers the breakdown of sitokin through the action of macrophages, complex enzymes, and trombosit. Staphylococcus aureus toxin can cause inflammation and lead to pore narrowing, which can lead to an allergic reaction. EEDK has a combination of flavonoids and saponins that have immune-modulating effects by working with the protein limfokin (interferon-), which is produced by sel T, to increase the production of sitokin such as interleukin and interferon. This study's goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of etanol daun extract against Staphylococcus aureus-infected mastitis in terms of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. This study started with an examination of the inhibition of bacteria at concentrations of 62.5 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, and 500 mg/mL, and it then moved on to an in vivo examination of the effects of inflammation using a sample of 30 female rats weighing between 180 and 250 gr. Three kinds of samples were created: CMC Na, an amoxicillin-positive control, and EEDK 500 mg/KgBW in vivo. Three blood samples—one before the induction of Staphylococcus aureus, one after the induction of Staphylococcus aureus, and one after administration of the extract with the TNF-test parameter—were collected to evaluate the anti-inflammatory test. using the ELISA method of analysis. To identify differences between groups, data were analyzed using the Friedman and One-Way anova methods, followed by the Tukey method, before histopatology testing was done on a mammae with mastitis. There was a difference in the levels of TNF- with the administration of amoxicillin (p=0.001) and EEDK 500 mg/Kg BW (p=0.044) in the anti-inflammatory test, where the concentration of 500 mg/mL had the most effective inhibition of 11.93 mm. On histological examination, it was discovered that the mammary tissue of female rats improved at EEDK 500 mg/Kg BW, although there was no difference in the negative control group (p = 0.508). According to the above paragraph, it can be inferred that EEDK has antibacterial activity and can reduce TNF- and improve the histopatological findings in in vivo mastitis tikus caused by Staphylococcus aureus.