Pemanfaatan Enzim Selulase dari Aspergillus Niger Secara Fermentasi Padat untuk Menurunkan Kadar Serat Kasar pada Pakan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis Niloticus)

Abstract

One of the wastes that is rarely used in Indonesia is fruit waste. The part of the fruit that often becomes waste is the skin of the fruit. Fruit waste that is still rarely used, especially in North Sumatra is passion fruit peel waste. This study aims to produce higher quality tilapia feed by utilizing the cellulase enzyme produced from the Aspergillus niger mold with purple passion fruit rind (Passiflora edulis) as a substrate using the solid fermentation method (SSF). The cellulase enzyme isolation process was carried out by solid fermentation with the purple passion fruit rind as a substrate which was first delignified. Fermentation is carried out with a variation of 2 to 6 days. Based on the results of fermentation, the most optimum cellulase enzyme activity was on day 5. The cellulase enzyme purification process was carried out by precipitation of 20-40% ammonium sulfate and continued with the dialysis process. Then the activity of the dialyzed cellulase enzyme was characterized for variations in pH (3.5; 4; 4.5; 5; 5.5), temperature (30°C; 35°C; 40°C; 45°C; 50°C). and incubation time (0 minutes; 15 minutes; 30 minutes; 45 minutes; 60 minutes) by DNS method. The activity of the dialysis cellulase enzyme at pH 5 was 0.077 U/mL, temperature 40°C was 0.077 U/mL and incubation time of 45 minutes was 0.079 U/mL. The dialyzed cellulase enzyme was then applied in the manufacture of tilapia feed with various concentrations of 0.1 mL/100g, 0.3 mL/100 g, 0.5 mL/100 g and then analyzed proximately. The test results showed a decrease in crude fiber content from the addition of the dialyzed cellulase enzyme in tilapia feed by 27.06% to 8.93%.