Pembuatan Metil Selulosa dari Selulosa Daun Nanas (Ananas Cosmosus.L) dengan Dimetil Sulfat melalui Reaksi Eterifikasi pada Variasi Temperatur

Abstract

The manufacture of methyl cellulose was carried out through an etherification reaction between α-cellulose isolated from pineapple leaves (Ananas Cosmosus.L) with dimethyl sulfate. Isolation of α-cellulose was carried out by adding a solution HNO3 3,5%, NaOH 2% and Na2SO3, NaOCl 1,75%, NaOH 17,5% and H2O2 10% then yielded 26,76 g of α-cellulose (35,68% of the initial weight). Methyl Cellulose was made by adding 5 g of α-cellulose which was added with NaOH 10%, Isopropanol then etherification using dimethyl sulfate at various temperature of 400C, 460C, 520C for 3 hours to produce 4,88 g; 4,95 g; 4,96 g. The result of the production of methyl cellulose were analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer, morphological and surface analysis using SEM, and degree of substitution. Methyl Cellulose which has the highest degree of substitution at a temperature variation of 520C is equal 0,86. The formation of methyl cellulose is supported by an FT-IR spectrophotometer, namely the appearance of a vibration peak in the area of wave number 3280,1 cm-1 which indicates -OH group, at wave number 2892,4 cm-1 indicates the presence of C-H stretching group, Absorption peaks indicating the presence of C-O-C were found at wave numbers 1147,1 cm-1 and 1021,3 cm-1 which are asymmetrical and symmetrical stretching vibrations. The result of the morphological analysis showed that the surface of the fiber on cellulose was smoother than that of methyl cellulose.