| dc.description.abstract | Acne is an inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicular unit which is
characterized by the formation of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts
and sometimes scar tissue. Acne occurs due to active sebaceous glands under the
skin. This activity is stimulated by androgen hormones. Eugenol is the main
composition of clove leaf oil which has pharmacological properties as an
antimicrobial anti-inflammatory. This study aims to formulate clove leaf oil into
nanoemulsion gel preparations, evaluate the preparations, test the antibacterial
activity of the preparations and test the anti-acne activity.
This research was started by distilling clove leaf oil, testing the antibacterial
activity of clove leaf oil, formulating clove leaf oil into nanoemulsion gel dosage
forms at concentrations of F1 (2%), F2 (4%), and F3 (6%). Evaluation of
nanoemulsion gel preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH,
viscosity, spreadability, particle size, stability tests, antibacterial activity tests,
skin irritation tests and anti-acne activity tests compared to gel emulsions and
preparations on the market. Anti-acne activity testing was carried out visually and
using a skin analyzer. The preparations were applied to the skin of the panelists 2
times a day for 28 days.
The results showed that the yield of clove leaf oil was 2.8%. The resulting
nanoemulsion gel is yellow in color, has a characteristic odor, slightly thick and
homogeneous. Nanoemulsion gel has a pH (5.44-6.41), viscosity (2750-3434
mPa.S), spreadability (5-7 cm), particle size (12-15 nm), stable during 12 weeks
of storage at low temperature , high temperature, room temperature and cycling
test and does not irritate the skin. The results of the nanoemulsion gel antibacterial
test had the maximum inhibition zone diameter at a concentration of 6%. The
results of the anti-acne activity test visually showed a change in the classification
of acne degrees from moderate to mild degrees and using a skin analyzer showed
a decrease in sebum levels and a greater number of acne in the nanoemulsion gel
preparation (55.35% and 78.46%) compared to the gel emulsion preparations and
not significantly different from the preparations on the market. Based on the
research results, it can be concluded that clove leaf oil nanoemulsion gel is stable
during storage and has greater anti-acne activity compared to gel emulsion and
does not differ significantly from preparations on the market. | en_US |
