Pengembangan Kitosan dengan Eucalyptus Grandis Berbasis Potensi Lokal sebagai Pembersih Mulut

Abstract

Oral health needs to be improved through additional mechanical methods, specifically mouthwash based on chitosan with Eucalyptus grandis as a local potential in North Sumatera. The purpose of this study was to analyze chitosan with Eucalyptus grandis based on local potency as a mouthwash, to analyze the differences in the characterization of chitosan, lactat acid-soluble chitosan, and water-soluble chitosan and to analyze the most optimal mouthwash preparation formulation from its physical stability and antimicrobial activity among various formula. This research uses chitosan, lactic acid-soluble chitosan and water-soluble chitosan characterized by FT-IR. The functional groups identified included the O-H, N-H, C-H, C-O-C groups, glycosidic bonds β-1,4-glycosidic and three types of amide groups of chitosan and water-soluble chitosan which were identified at wave numbers 1640 cm-1 and 1625.1 cm-1 respectively indicating the presence of C=O (amide I) strain, wave number 1580.4 cm-1 in chitosan and 1520.8 cm-1 in water-soluble chitosan indicating the presence of bending vibration N-H functional group (amide II) and wave number 1319.5 cm-1 in chitosan and 1312 cm-1 in water-soluble chitosan which is the C-N stretching vibrational functional group (amide III). Meanwhile, the leaves of Eucalyptus grandis were isolated using Stahl method to obtain essential oils and characterized by GC-MS obtained compounds 1,8-cineole, α-Pinene, ρ- Cymene, 2-Cyclohexen-1-one and 1,2,3-propanetriol triacetate. The physical stability of all variations of the formula complies with standard requirements on organoleptic parameter, pH and viscosity requirements. The results of the antimicrobial activity of Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans showed moderate to strong category. Based on the physical stability test and antimicrobial test, the optimal formula is formula VA, which is a combination formula of water-soluble chitosan with Eucalyptus grandis essential oil with an average diameter of the inhibition zone for Streptococcus mutans bacteria of 13.1 mm, an average diameter of the inhibition zone for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria of 13.3 mm and the average diameter of the inhibition zone of Candida albicans was 13.8 mm.