Pembuatan Nitrogliserin dari Gliserin dan Asam Nitrat dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat Menggunakan Proses Biazzi: Kapasitas Produksi 12.500 Ton/Tahun dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Reaktor Netralizer

Abstract

The preliminary plant design nitroglycerin manufacturing plant from glycerin and nitric acid with sulfuric acid catalyst using the biazzi process: production capacity of 12,500 tonnes/year and 330 days of operation per annum. The main process of this preliminary plant design consists of three stages, namely the reaction stage, the neutralization stage, and the purification stage, the nitroglycerin formation stage, and the product purification stage. In the nitroglycerin formation stage and the product purification stage, one reactor was used each, with an average temperature condition of 15 °C with a retention time of 1 hour in the reactor. The amount of nitric acid, glycerin, and sulfuric acid needed to reach the annual production capacity is 1314,0722 kg/hour; 637,0979 kg/hour; dan 958,3716 kg/hour. The specific task was solved for the detailed engineering design of neutralizer reactor to neutralizer nitroglycerin from the remaining mixed acid mixture. Neutralizer reactor that have been designed have the following specifications: • material of construction : stainless steel SA 240 type 316 • Tank diameter : 1,5 m • cylinder height : 2,25 m • Tank lid height : 0,375 m • Total height : 3 m • Column shell thickness : 3/16 in • Column head thickness : 3/16 in • Agitator type : Flat six-blade open turbine with disk • Stirrer motor power : 32 HP Nitroglycerin manufacturing plant from glycerin and nitric acid with sulfuric acid as catalyst using the biazzi process is planned to be built in the Karawang industrial area, to be precise in Sukasari District, Karawang regency, West java, with a total factory area 0f 25,346 m2.The planned form of organization of this company is Perseroan Terbatas (PT) with a line organizational structure and staff, as well as a total of 238 employees. The economic analysis results on this preliminary plant design are as follows: 1. Capital Investment (CI) : Rp. 1.061.175.988.269 2. Total Cost (TC) : Rp. 1.304.911.700.996 3. Profit Margin (PM) : 26,8097 % 4. Break Even Point (BEP) : 31,7235 % 5. Return On Investment (ROI) : 22,3423% 6. Pay Out Time (POT) : 4 years 4 months 7. Return On Network (RON) : 37,2372 % 8. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) : 22,1269 % Based on the results of economic analysis, it can be concluded that the nitroglycerin manufacturing plant from glycerin and nitric acid with sulfuric acid catalyst using the biazzi process is feasible to be established.