Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Nitrogliserin dari Gliserin dan Asam Nitrat dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat Menggunakan Proses Biazzi: Kapasitas Produksi 10.000 Ton/Tahun dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Detail Reaktor Nitrogliserin

Abstract

Preliminary plant design of nitroglycerin manufacturing plant from glycerin and nitric acid with sulfuric acid catalyst using the biazzi process: production capacity of 10,000 tonnes/year and operates for 330 days in one year. The main process in the pre-design of this plant consists of three stages, namely the stage of preparation of raw materials, the stage of formation of nitroglycerin, and the stage of product purification. there is a nitroglycerin formation stage and a product purification stage used each one reactor operating at a temperature of 15 °C for 1 hour. The amount of nitric acid, glycerin, and sulfuric acid required to reach the annual production capacity is 1047.0565 kg/h; 509.6783 kg/h; and 764.9578 kg/h. The specific task that was solved was the detailed engineering design of the nitroglycerin reactor to rereact the mixture of acid with glycerin so as to form nitroglycerin. Thenitroglycerin reactor that has been designed has the following specifications: • Construction material = Stainless Steel SA 240 type 316 • Tank diameter = 1.3 m • Cylinder height = 1.95 m • Tank lid height = 0.325 m • Total height = 2.6 m • Tank cylinder thickness = 1/2 in • Tank lid thickness = 1/2 in • Mixer type = Flat six-blade open turbine with disk • Stirring motor power = 32 Hp The plant for making nitroglycerin from glycerin and nitric acid with sulfuric acid catalyst using the biazzi process is planned to be established in Telukjaya village, Pakisjaya District, Karawang Regency, West Java, with a total factory area of 19,110 m2. The water needs at this plant are supplied from the Citarum river as much as 60428.6337 kg/h. The planned organizational form of the company is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff organizational structure, as well as a total of 23 9 employees. The results of the economic analysis on the pre-design of this plant are as follows: 1. Capital Investment (CI) = Rp 1.300.539.403.926 2. Total Cost (TC) = Rp 1.129.554.931.642 3. Profit Margin (PM) = 26,6353% 4. Break Even Point (BEP) = 40,0320% 5. Return on Investment (ROI) = 22,6482% 6. Return on Network (RON) = 37,7471% 7. Pay Out Time (POT) = 4.4154 years 8. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 25,6749% Based on the results of economic analysis it can be concluded that the nitroglycerin plant of glycerin and nitric acid with a sulfuric acid catalyst using this biazzi process is worth establishing.