Uji Efek Penyembuh Luka Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Pisang Barangan (Musa paradisiaca L.) pada Tikus Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetic wounds are chronic wounds that occur in patients with diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus will be accompanied by increased complications. Diabetic wounds are a complicated disease that exists in the community and can be used as an early marker of the onset of other conditions. Bacteria can infact diabetic wound, and the high level of glucose in the blood is a strategic place for bacteria to thrive. Wound healing can be treated with modern medicine as well as traditional medicine. Traditional medicine is more widely used to treat various skin diseases by almost 80% of the world's population. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the activity of the ethanol extract of Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel formulated in a gel preparation as wound healing agent in diabetic rats model. The ethanol extract of Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel was produced by maceration procedure. Furthermore ethanol extract was tested for phenols, flavonoids, and tannins concentration. The ethanol extract of the Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel was formulated into a gel form with HPMC based, additionally gel form was added with 7.5% (F1), 10% (F2) and 15% (F3) extract respectively, then the characteristics and stability of gel preparation also tested. Diabetic rat model were induced with Nicotinamide at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW and (Streptozotocin) STZ at a dose of 50 mg/kgBW. Furthermore, the wound healing effect of gel form was observed for 21 days. The results of the observations were seen from day 1 to day 21 by observing the reduction on wound area. Histological testing was carried out on day 21 by identification the thickness of the epidermis and collagen density. The results showed that ethanol extract of Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel contained phenol, flavonoid and tannin content at 47.8239 mgGAE/g extract, 10.9218 mgQE/g extract, and 24.6193 mgTAE/g extract respectively. The gel preparation of the ethanol extract of the Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel had a thick consistency, orange to brownish orange in color, had good homogeneity, and was stable after 12 weeks of stability testing and did not irritate skin on rabbit skin model. Wound healing activity at F3 formula indicated potent activity than in F1 and F2. Based the results of this study, it can be concluded that the gel preparation of the ethanol extract of the Musa paradisiaca L. fruit peel has a wound healing effect on 21 days of observation of the area of the wound and it stable for 12 weeks of storage at room temperature, low temperature, and high temperature.