Analisis Kebutuhan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Berdasarkan Kebutuhan Oksigen di Kota Medan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi

Abstract

As a metropolitan, Medan show a balance between high population growth and regional development growth level. Increasing population and regional development has triggered conversion of land functions. Land necessities for site of settlement, facilities and infrastructures for transportation, and others reduce availability of green spaces as the oxygen producer in Medan. This research aiming at analyzing the distribution of green spaces, estimating the necessity and adequacy of green spaces, and arranging instructions to develop green spaces. Is done from January until completed, employing spatial data analysis method from Google Earth Imagery to reveal the distribution, coverage area, and calculation using Gerarkis formula to assess oxygen needs. The findings demonstrate that the coverage of green spaces in Medan is 86.27 km (33%) and the coverage of non- vegetation area /non-green space is 178.83 km or equals to (67%) of Medan land area which is 265.10 km. The oxygen produced by the vegetation in green spaces is up to 4,367.418.75 kg/day, whereas the oxygen needed in Medan 5,150,425.98 kg/day, and when converted into green spaces which is 101,74 km. The development of green spaces can be directed to some ways such as managing green space, synergizing natural and artificial environment, implementing public transportation, empowering strategy of public policy, making use of water and energy resources, maintaining environmental health based on the urban spatial planning favouring for sustainable development.