Pembuatan Metil Selulosa Dari Selulosa Batang Jerami Padi (Oriza Sativa.L) dengan Dimetil Sulfat Melalui Reaksi Eterifikasi Pada Variasi Jenis Basa

Abstract

Methyl cellulose was made by etherification reaction between α-cellulose isolated from rice straw (Oriza Sativa.L) and dimethyl sulfate. Isolation of α-cellulose was carried out in the pre-hydrolysis stage using 3.5% HNO3 solution, the delignification stage with 2% NaOH and 2% Na2SO3 solutions, the bleaching process using 1.75% NaOCl solution, the separation of α-cellulose from β and γ cellulose using a solution NaOH 17.5%, bleaching again using 10% H2O2 solution. The preparation of methyl cellulose was carried out by reacting 5 g of alkylated cellulose with 10% NaOH, and isopropanol solvent and methylation with dimethyl sulfate at various types of bases namely 10% NaOH, 10% KOH, 10% Na2CO3, 10% K2CO3 to obtain a yield of 4.868 g; 4.855g; 4,987; 4.787 g methyl cellulose. The resulting methyl cellulose was tested by FT-IR spectroscopic analysis, surface morphology using SEM and Degree of Substitution. Methyl cellulose which has the highest degree of substitution in the K2CO3 base variation of 3.11. The formation of methyl cellulose is supported by FT-IR spectroscopy, namely the appearance of absorption peaks indicating the presence of C-O-C found at wave numbers 1146.1 cm-1 and 1021.3 cm-1 where respectively are asymmetrical and symmetrical stretching vibrations, the vibrational peaks in the number region wave 3332.2 cm-1 which shows the OH group, at wave number 2882.0 cm-1 shows the presence of a stretching C-H group. The results of morphological analysis using SEM showed that the fiber surface of cellulose was smoother than that of methyl cellulose.