Analisis Struktural dalam Novel “Ningen Shikkaku” Karya Dazai Osamu Dazai Osamu No Sakuhin No “Ningen Shikkaku” Touiu Shousetsu No Kouzou No Bunseki

Abstract

Literary work is a creative result of humans in their efforts to express the values of life in accordance with the civilization that the author has passed through. Literary works have various types, one of which is the novel. A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, usually written in prose, and which is usually published as a book. The novel is formed from intrinsic elements and extrinsic elements. Extrinsic elements are elements outside the novel and intrinsic elements are elements within the novel. One example of a novel literary work is Ningen Shikkaku by Dazai Osamu, which is the object of the author's analysis in the thesis entitled "Structural Analysis in the Novel "Ningen Shikkaku" by Dazai Osamu." Ningen Shikkaku novel is a novel published in 1948 and became one of the famous classic novels in Japanese Literature. This is because the theme in Ningen Shikkaku's novel, namely the alienation felt by an individual towards society, based on distrust of humans because they have different thoughts, is still valid and understandable to readers today. The structure of the Ningen Shikkaku novels also supports one another. The plot of Ningen Shikkaku's novel covers exposition to denouncement, which is one of the important structures as the foundation of the novel. Also, the rich characterization that can be seen from the main character, Oba, who has a protagonist characterization in him, is assisted by the influence of secondary characters who encourage Oba to take certain actions. In addition there are several other secondary characters such as Hiroki, Takeichi, Hirame, Tsuneko, Shizuko, Shikego, Yoshiko and the Pharmacy Owner. The setting takes place during the Showa period, and covers various cities namely Northeast Japan, Tokyo and Kamakura. The point of view used in the Ningen Shikkaku novel is also quite rare in other classic novels in Japanese literature, namely the first point of view consistently from beginning to end. This thesis discusses one by one in depth, that the structure of the novel is related to one another, also supports the elements so as to create a novel that has transcended time and time, the classic novel, which is still being read today. Even though many novels are written on the basis of fiction and seem to have nothing to do with the reader's real world, the decisions, values and thoughts that the characters live and show through various events, still have their own wisdom and lessons in everyday life.