Efektifitas Pendidikan Kesehatan terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga tentang Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di Puskesmas Medan Denai

Abstract

The existence of the diseases basing on the environment, such as diarrhea, ISPA (the acute infection of the respiratory tract), tuberculosis (TB), malaria and DBD (dengue fever) still becomes a public health problem. The number of ISPA victim, including the pneumonia one who died in North Sumatera, is in the seventh place from the 33 provinces; that is, the CFR (Case Fatality Rate) of the toddler (0-4 years old) reaches 0.35%. ISPA is mainly influenced by mothers’ knowledge about how ISPA occurs. For that reason, there must be some effective steps taken in order to handle ISPA. The steps are by giving a health education which is a process of delivering information to both individuals and groups of people in order to obtain a positive change towards the relationship between the habits/custom and the healthy lifestyle. This research has a goal which is to identify the effectiveness of the health education to the family knowledge related to ISPA (the acute infection of the respiratory tract) in the public health center in Medan Denai. This design of the research is the quasy experiment. The health education to the family knowledge about ISPA in the research was done from the 27th May – 30th June 2013. It is based on the technique of the nonprobability sampling, which is the accidental sample obtaining 43 people as the sample. For these 43 samples, the measurement of their knowledge about ISPA during pre-test and post-test was done. All the data were written on questionnaire sheet of the family knowledge about ISPA. Later on the research data were analyzed by using the descriptive statistical test and the inferential one. Based on the result of the data analysis by using Wilcoxon test, it shows that the knowledge about ISPA during the pre-test is different from one during the post-test (Z=-5.461 p=0.000). this finding shows that there is a significant difference of the knowledge about ISPA after the health education. The conclusion of the finding indicates that the health education is effective to improve the family knowledge about ISPA. Considering the research result, it is recommended to socialize the health education about ISPA for the public, especially for the families, so that they can gather enough information related to ISPA, especially about the way to avoid and the cure ISPA.