Uji Efek Pemberian Kombinasi Ekstrak Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) dan Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) dengan Simvastatin Terhadap Kadar Ferritin pada Pasien Dislipidemia

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Dislipidemia merupakan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular dan berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan kadar inflamasi, termasuk ferritin. Obat anti-dislipidemia sintetis seperti simvastatin dapat menurunkan kadar ferritin, walaupun tidak banyak bukti yang mendukung. Namun, penggunaan obat sintetis jangka panjang bisa menyebabkan efek samping sehingga fitofarmaka menjadi pertimbangan kembali. Kombinasi ekstrak sambiloto dan daun salam dilaporkan berkhasiat menurunkan sitokin proinflamasi, kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efek pemberian kombinasi ekstrak sambiloto dan daun salam dengan simvastatin terhadap kadar ferritin pada pasien dislipidemia. Metode: Penelitian uji klinis dengan desain prospektif. Kelompok perlakuan (n = 15) dan kelompok kontrol (n = 15) dipilih secara acak tersamar ganda. Sebelum dan setelah diterapi 30 hari dilakukan pemeriksaan darah. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS. Perbedaan signifikan bila p < 0,05. Hasil: Kadar ferritin sebelum pemberian obat dibandingkan dengan setelah pemeriksaan dijumpai penurunan namun secara statistik tidak signifikan ((150,09 + 104,95 vs 133,63 + 94,77) ng/dL; p = 0,079) baik pada kelompok perlakuan maupun kelompok kontrol ((172,44 + 162,7 vs 160,75 + 164,7) ng/dL; p = 0,325). Penurunan kadar ferritin pada kelompok perlakuan lebih besar daripada kelompok kontrol, tetapi secara statistik tidak signifikan ((17,2 + 45,24 vs 11,69 + 53,15) ng/dL; p = 0,221). Kesimpulan: Pemberian kombinasi ekstrak sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) dan daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) 2 x @ 150 mg selama 30 hari menurunkan kadar ferritin lebih besar daripada simvastatin 1 x 20 mg, tetapi secara statistik tidak signifikan.

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is one of many risk factor in cardiovascular diseases and significantly correlated with increased inflammation marker, including ferritin concentration. Synthetic antidyslipidemic drugs, such as Simvastatin, may decrease ferritin concentration, even without many supporting study. However, long term use of synthetic drugs could cause side effects, so that phytopharmaca is becoming to consideration. The mixture of sambiloto and salam extracts reported decreasing proinflammatory cytokines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Aim of this study was to compare the effect of sambiloto and salam extract mixture with simvastatin on Ferritin concentration in dyslipidemic patients. Method: This clinical trial use prospective design. Study group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15) were chosen with double blinded random sampling. Before and after 30 days therapy, blood sample was taken. Data was analysed with SPSS and p < 0,05 were considered significant. Result: Ferritin concentration before therapy compared to after examination was decreased but it was statistically insignificant ((150,09 + 104,95 vs 133,63 + 94,77) ng/dL; p = 0,079) not only in study group but also in control group ((172,44 + 162,7 vs 160,75 + 164,7) ng/dL; p = 0,325). The decrease of ferritin in study group was bigger than the control group, but it was statistically insignificant ((17,2 + 45,24 vs 11,69 + 53,15) ng/dL; p = 0,221). Conclusion: The mixture of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) and salam (Syzygium polyanthum) extract at 2 x @ 150 mg for 30 days decreased ferritin concentration bigger than simvastatin 1 x 20 mg, but statistically insignificant.