Isolasi dan Identifikasi Golongan Senyawa Fenolik Serta Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Kulit Batang Tumbuhan Mara (Macaranga Tanarius (L.) Mull.Arg) (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract

Isolation phenolic compounds (Methyl gallate and 4’,6,7,8 – tetrahydroxy, 5 – methoxy flavanone) from the stem bark of the Mara plant (Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull. Arg) were isolated. 2300 g of Mara plant stem bark were macerated by methanol, and the methanol extract dissolved in water. The water solution was extracted by partitioning with ethyl acetate and then concentrated. The ethyl acetate extract was dissolved in methanol and extracted by partitioning with n-hexane until the n-hexane layer was transparent, yielding 18.8 g of total flavonoids. Total flavonoids from Mara plant stem bark were separated by column chromatography with silica gel as the stationary phase and chloroform: methanol (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40) v/v as the mobile phase. Fraction F1 + F2 was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography using benzene : acetone (80:20) v/v to a produce armophous solid of 8,2 mg and fractions F3 – F6 was purified by preparative thin layer chromatography using chloroform : methanol (80:20) v/v to a produce armophous solid of 4,4 mg. The resulting pure compounds were determined using UV-Visible, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectrophotometers. The Antibacterial activity of total flavonoid was determined by agar disk diffusion against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The results showed that total flavonoids from the stem bark of the Mara plant (Macaranga tanarius (L.) Mull. ) strongly inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria with the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) value of total flavonoids from the stem bark of Mara plants (M. tanarius (L.) Mull. Arg) at a concentration of 100 mg/mL obtained a clear zone of 11.1 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and at a concentration of 100 mg/mL obtained a clear zone of 11.7 mm against Escherichia coli bacteria.