Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Bakteri dari Ekstrak kulit Nanas dengan Penambahan Air Kelapa

Abstract

Synthesis of bacterial cellulose from pineapple peel extract with the addition of coconut water has been carried out. Pineapple skin extract and coconut water with at ratio of 1:0, 1:1, and 2:1, added 25 grams of sugar, 2 grams of Ammonium sulfate (ZA), then heated while stirring until boiling. Then the medium was cooled and glacial CH3COOH was added until it reached pH=4 and 10% Acetobacteri xylinum bacterial starter then fermented for 10 days. Bacterial cellulose obtained was in the form of a floating layer on the surface of the media, then purified with 2,5% NaOH for 24 hours, bleached with 2,5% NaOCl for 24 hours, and washed with aquadest until the pH reached neutral. The yield value of the bacterial cellulose obtained was determined and characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. Bacterial cellulose with at ratio of 1:1 gave the best results with a yield value of 0,71%. The FTIR spectrum shows the formation of pure bacterial cellulose which is characterized by the presence of functional groups O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-O-C at each wave number 3286.69, 2923.83, 1245.02, 1554.22 and 951, 09 cm-1. The surface morphology of bacterial cellulose shows the formation of fine threads (microfibrils) that are tightly intertwined at random, overlapping each other and the shape of cellulose fibers is uneven. The XRD diffractogram shows a degree of crystallinity of 87,67%.