Konfigurasi Medan Leksikal Emosi Bahasa Melayu Serdang (Aspek Semantik dan Variasi Sosial)

Abstract

This study analyzes a number of emotional lexical fields produced by the Melayu Serdang speakers based on social variation and focuses on the meaning of emotional words in

Serdang language, to find out the component of meaning included in the words of Melayu Serdang language, to find out the description of the system and structure of the intended lexical field as well as its configuration, to classify the lexical field of the highest or the largest levels into several lexical subfields at the following levels then down to the lowest levels in the members of Melayu Serdang ethnic group. This study employed the structural semantic theory. Lexical system intended is the principle or regularity of inter-lexical item or inter-lexical field meaning relation as a unit of configuration forming a unity. Lexical structure is a set or configuration of lexical items or lexicals fields vertically or horizontally related. The source of data used in this study were the emotional lexicon produced by the native speakers of Melayu Serdang language based on their sex, age, education, and social class. These data were obtained throught questionnaire-based survey, interviews, and participationobservation. The data obtained were processed an analyzed through qualitative and quantitative methods. Based on common semantic reaction containing general and spesific meanings indicating a specific component, 7 (seven) emotional lexical fields were formed from 153 emotions such as (1) lexical fields Senang, (2) lexical fields Sedeh, (3) lexical field Marah, (4) lexical field Bosan, (5) lexical field Benci, (6) lexical field Takut, and (7) lexical field Malu. In hierarchy, these 7 (seven) lexical fields can be clasified into ten levels frim the biggest or largest to the smallest lexical fields. A significant difference in the number of emotional lexicon forming lexical field was found in the sex group of the Melayu Serdang ethnic group. Female speakersproduced a greater number of emotional lexicons for all of the emotional lexical fields that the lexical structure produced met the regularity of relation of inter-lexical items in forming lexical fields as a configuration unit.

Word arrangement, lyrics, pantun (traditional poetry), and emotional lexical expressio in Melayu Serdang language not only have linguistic meaning but also portray the cultural values and positive attitude with Islamic nuance. These values and attitude provide man with a guide to live their lives as the creature of Allah and be honest people with good personality who can be beneficial to their environment.